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Louis Harold Gray : ウィキペディア英語版
Louis Harold Gray

Louis Harold Gray (10 November 1905 – 9 July 1965) was an English physicist who worked mainly on the effects of radiation on biological systems, inventing the field of radiobiology as he went. A summary of his work is given below. Amongst many other achievements, he defined a unit of radiation dosage which was later named after him as an SI unit, the gray.
==Career==

* 1933 - Hospital physicist at Mount Vernon Hospital, London
* 1936 - Developed the Bragg-Gray equation, the basis for the cavity ionization method of measuring gamma-ray energy absorption by materials
* 1937 - Built an early neutron generator at Mount Vernon Hospital
* 1938 - Studied biological effects of neutrons using the generator
* 1940 - Developed concept of RBE (Relative Biological Effectiveness) of doses of neutrons
* 1952 - Initiated research into cells in hypoxic tumors and hyperbaric oxygen
* 1953 - Established the Gray Laboratory at Mount Vernon Hospital
* 1953 - 1960 - Under Gray's direction, Jack W. Boag developed pulse radiolysis
* 1962 - Ed Hart, of Argonne National Laboratory, and Jack Boag discovered the hydrated electron using pulse radiolysis at the Gray Laboratory - This discovery initiated a new direction of research that is still very active today and is vital for understanding the effects of radiation on biological tissue, for instance in cancer treatment.

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